Didactic Experiments Using Voltammetric Measurements

Author: João Carlos de Andrade; Audrey de Arruda Falcão; Elaine Castilho Guedes
April 2007

Abstract
Some analytical techniques, such as voltammetry, are relatively little used in undergraduate experimental disciplines in chemistry (and related sciences), although addressed in theoretical ones. Since, in contrast to what one thinks, voltammetric measurements are still often used in routine analysis, some of the most direct techniques will be highlighted in this text, with suggestions to [...]


The Concept of Thermodynamic Properties

Author: Adalberto B. M. S. Bassi
May 2006

Abstract
Initially the ideas of classical magnitude and classical body, continuous media, temporal and constitutive functions, density and rate will be shown, the latter being related to the rudimentary concepts of derivatives and functions. Then the concept of property is indicated, without the use of mathematical expressions, as well as the classification of properties into intensive, [...]


The Two Expressions of Fundamental Thermodynamics

Author: Adalberto B. M. S. Bassi
April 2006

Abstract
Here, some of the most typical concepts of thermodynamics, namely heat, internal energy, entropy and temperature are used for complementary understanding of the concepts of the enthalpy and energy of Helmholtz and Gibbs. The entropy concept has already been presented by this author, along with some of the concepts of temperature and the energies of [...]


Entropy and Helmholtz’s and Gibbs’ Energies

Author: Adalberto B. M. S. Bassi
November 2005

Abstract
Traditionally, the concept of entropy exists only for equilibria, which then require the same for the Helmholtz’s and Gibbs’ energies, because these are defined from it. As a result, all thermodynamics is restricted to equilibria, although it usually includes quantities classified as mechanical, such as volume and internal energy, which are considered outside the existing [...]


Amount of Substance

Author: Adalberto B. M. S. Bassi
September 2005

Abstract
The amount of substance is one of the four fundamental properties of the thermodynamics in homogeneous media, along with volume, internal energy and entropy. This is a concept taught since high school, but it is not as elementary as it might seem. One aspect not always clear is the fact that it is related to [...]


Amount of Substance and Concentration

Author: João Carlos de Andrade; Rogério Custodio

Abstract
This article presents the definitions of amount of substance, mole and concentration, in addition to the various units accepted by the International System for expressing concentration.
Keywords
molar mass, mole, concentration, molarity, molality, SI
Authors
João Carlos de Andrade
Rogério Custodio
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química
Translated by
João C. de Andrade
Revised by
Carol H. Collins


Mathematics and Thermodynamics

Author: Adalberto B. M. S. Bassi

Abstract
Mathematics and Thermodynamics seem to be immiscible. Thermodynamicists take their own mathematical path which needs to return more than a century in time to meet the actual science done presently by mathematicians. Mathematicians are usually not interested in thermodynamics, and when they are, their work is not easily understood by thermodynamicists. Although both seem very [...]



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