Abstract
Obeying the fundamental law of nature that says, “a physical or chemical system always tends to cause an irreversible change from some state of initial non-equilibrium to a final equilibrium”, chemical reactions can be defined as processes in which different substances interact with each other, with a rearrangement of atoms occurring that completely changes the initial characteristics of the substances involved, tending to an equilibrium. This article shows, in a concise manner, the kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of equilibrium in aqueous solution.
Keywords
equilibrium, electrolytes, activity, activity coefficient, ionic strength, Debye-Hückel, kinetics, thermodynamics.
Author
João Carlos de Andrade
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química
